Basic Statistics for Research Practice

Basic Statistics for Research Practice

Question 1, 2, and 3 covers Chapter 1; question 4 is about Chapter 2.

1.For the following study, what is the independent variable?  What is the dependent variable?

• A researcher conducts an experiment to determine whether moderate doses of St. Johns Wort have any effect of memory for college students. For this study, what is the independent variable?

• A recent study reports that elementary school students who were given a nutritious breakfast each morning had higher test scores than students who did not receive the breakfast.

2. The following is part of Working Cultural Questionnaire. It is a sample of how the data are collected in real study. Each question is one variable that the researcher is interested in investigating. Please label what type of measurement scale of each variable in this questionnaire.

Work Cultural Questionnaire

Length of service with the current organization

1. Less than 6 months b. 6-12 months c. 1-2 years d. more than 2 years

Age

1. less than 25 b. 25-40 c. More than 40

Gender

1. Male Female

My manager is willing to share decision-making power with employees

1 strong disagree      2 Disagree      3 Neutral      4 Agree     5 Strongly Agree

3. Suppose you have a variable X, and collected some scores of it.

Please calculate:

(ΣX)² =  

Σ(X – 1)²=

Σ(X²-1)=

ΣX²-1=

4. A group of students took a quiz and their scores (variable X) look like:

6, 7, 8, 4, 8, 6, 9, 10, 10, 8, 9, 9, 7, 7, 7, 9, 10, 6, 5, 3

• Please draw a frequency table based on the data. (Besides frequency, also include cumulative frequency and cumulative percentage)
• Please draw histogram. Is it positive or negative skewed?
• If you got score of 8, what’s your percentile rank?

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