Extended Literature Review Answer Guide
Please note that an Extended literature review has three key components: 1. A search of the literature available on a given subject area. 2. An evaluation of the literature, including its scope. 3. A well-structured and argued written account of the literature that provides an overview and critique.
Question 3
Based on your Assessment 2 Annotated Bibliography and also utilising other research, you are required to prepare an extended literature review addressing how contemporary issues are affecting the nature of sustainable tourism development and subsequently how this impacts on different stakeholders and management approaches.
Introduction:
Briefly explain the purpose of the extended literature review.
Introduce the concept of contemporary issues (meaning). Identify the contemporary issues relevant to sustainable tourism development (e.g. climate change and mitigation; inequality and exclusion; gender equality; global conflicts and peace; poverty alleviation; good health and well-being; economic growth and development; sustainable cities and communities; responsible consumption; climate change and carbon emissions; etc
Define sustainable tourism development (use peer reviewed references in defining concepts). Briefly explain how any one of or all these issues are related or relevant to sustainable tourism development.
Provide a preview of the answer (which contemporary issue will be discussed first, second, third and last)
Next heading: Contemporary issue 1- For example: Sustainable development goal of poverty alleviation
Why is poverty alleviation a contemporary issue? Is there any evidence that this is an issue to today? In which continents, countries is poverty a big concern, for example? Any evidence? What are the connections between poverty alleviation and sustainable tourism development? Are there any forms of tourism that have been developed with poverty alleviation in mind? What are these forms e.g., Community Based Tourism (CBT); Responsible tourism; village tourism; propoor tourism etc)
Next subheading: Role and Impacts on different stakeholders: Management and planning considerations for sustainable tourism (Role of different stakeholders in poverty alleviation through sustainable tourism development. –
In this section introduce the most critical stakeholders in achieving propoor tourism/ stakeholder theory/ Collaborative approaches / (use literature) Briefly explain why stakeholder involvement and collaborative approaches are critical for sustainable propoor tourism. Who are these critical stakeholders?
(Choose from meta, macro, meso and micro stakeholders – only review literature related to those stakeholders that have a critical role to play in alleviating poverty through sustainable tourism development)
For example, I would start this section like this (Do’t copy my sentences) : The goal of alleviating poverty especially in less developed countries has put pressure on diverse tourism product stakeholders to consciously think about the different roles they can play (). The identification of critical stakeholders is critical in gaining their support in alleviating poverty through sustainable tourism development (). Stakeholders are…. …. (). The major stakeholders with regard to the theme of poverty alleviation through sustainable tourism development include UNWTO, national government organisations such as Ministry of Tourism, tourism industry players such as hotels, airlines, and national parks, and the local poor communities.
Subheading; Role of UNWTO: Providing guiding principles for sustainable tourism development ( focus on the UNWTO principles that are relevant to poverty alleviation)
Subheading: Role and need for government to support propoor tourism planning and development approaches : for example, enacting tourism planning approaches that support poverty alleviation( which tourism planning approaches have been enacted by governments to support poverty alleviation through sustainable tourism development)
Subheading: Role of the tourism industry players in poverty alleviation: management approaches
(Need for the tourism industry players such as hotels, national parks, to be propoor) eg, employing local people, sourcing from local suppliers, limiting leakage, etc)
Subheading: Role and need for Local communities/poor to be involved in tourism so that they benefit substantially from tourism
Extended Literature Review Answer Guide
Discuss examples of Community Based Tourism (CBT) and community participation approaches that will lead to meaningful involvement of local communities so that they benefit substantially from tourism (Arnstein (1969) ladder of participation / Pretty Typology of Participation/ etc
related: the changing face of tourism in rural vietnam;
https://www.intrepidtravel.com/adventures/community-based-tourism-cbt-myanmar/;
interested in a visit to madi valley? explore our range of adventures here.
https://www.pata.org/potential-of-community-based-tourism-in-nepal-a-case-study-of-two-communities/
http://vcbt-n.com/2018/03/13/community-based-tourism-in-vietnam/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325076492_Community_Based_Tourism_Development_in_Sikkim_of_India-
https://www.academia.edu/11233990/Engaging_Locals_for_Sustainable_Tourism_in_Mauritius
[Make sure you provide examples of where these things have happened. Also remember this is a review. You need to be reflective. You must analyse the literature and ideas in the literature. If there are weaknesses, identify them, if there are strengths identify them as well]
Contemporary issues 2: Climate change, carbon emissions and quality of the environment
Another contemporary issues that has influenced the nature of sustainable tourism development is climate change and carbon emissions which are impacting negatively on people’s health and well-being and sustainability of economies ()
Please follow the format provided above . ——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————–
Contemporary issue 3: Coast, marine life and destructive human activity
The third contemporary issues is humanity’s impacts on the coast and marine life (). Careless tourism fishing and other human activities have impacted significantly on the quality of marine life as well as coastal shores as more mangroves for example are destroyed to make room for human activities ().
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Contemporary Issue 4: Responsible consumption vs consumerism or consumerism vs ethical consumption
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Please note that these are just a few examples of contemporary issues. Obviously there are many more contemporary issues.
